In a second small saucepan, bring the caster sugar and remaining 55ml of water to a boil, and cook until the temperature reaches 115° C (239° F), 5-7 minutes. While the sugar syrup cooks, pour the liquid glucose into the bowl of the stand mixer fitted with the whisk attachment. With the mixer on medium speed, stream the boiling sugar slowly into the glucose (keep your pot near the outer edge of the bowl so the whisk doesn't cause it to splatter).
Stop your mixer, and add in the melted geltain.
Whisk on medium speed until the mixture starts to thicken slightly, like very soft whipped cream, about 3-4 minutes.
Increase the speed to high and whisk until the mixture becomes thick and fluffy (like rich shaving foam), about 3 more minutes.
While the marshmallow is mixing, transfer the dulce de leche to a large bowl. Warm your cream (until just warm, not boiling), either in a pan or in the microwave, then add to your caramel, and add sea salt to taste.
Once your marshmallow mixture is thick and fluffy, but your mixing bowl is still warm to the touch, transfer half the marshmallow to the caramel bowl, and mix gently. Then, fold the caramel marshmallow back into the marshmallow bowl to create a ripple effect.
Pour the marshmallow mixture into the greased baking tray, and spread evenly using a palette knife or spatula. Dust the top with a thin layer of your icing sugar and cornstarch mixture, reserving the rest for dusting the other side later.
Leave the marshmallow to set at room temperature for at least 6 hours.
When your marshmallow is set, turn it out onto a chopping board. Dust the top (which was previously the bottom) of your marshmallow block with some of the remaining icing sugar and cornstarch mix.
Using a large knife, cut your marshmallow into your desired shapes (e.g., 1-inch cubes), and transfer to a large bowl. Toss with all the remaining icing sugar and cornstarch mix to coat all sides. Tap off the excess sugar, and store in an airtight container. Ideally, either store in a single layer, or lay parchment between layers. These will keep up to 1 week.